Boster

Elisa, short for Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, is a technique which is conducted to identify infectious or antibodies agents in the sample taken. In response to infection, antibodies are made. In this test, there is the use of Elisa plate coating protocol to carry out the test which helps to detect whether an animal has been in contact with a certain virus or not. This test is also conducted on human beings in order to determine and measure antibodies in their blood.

Elisa tests have many benefits over other immunoassay methods. These tests are more accurate and highly sensitive. They collate well with other methods which are used to identify any matter in the body, for example, radioimmune assay (RIA) tests. There is no need for radioisotopes substances or an expensive radiation counting apparatus.

During Elisa Sample preparation, following things are collected to conduct the test:

Cell culture supernatant
Cell extract
Conditioned medium
Milk
Urine
Plasma
Saliva
Serum
Tissue Extract

Advantages of Elisa Tests:

High Sensitivity:

Enzymes as reporting group which makes Elisa highly sensitive. It is well known to all medical professionals that enzyme is an organic catalyst. Its small amount could make a large number of catalytic reactions in order to produce an observable chromogenic reaction occurrence. That is why in this test it is taken as the amplification system of the enzyme. In Elisa plate coating protocol, the antibody or antigen is attained in the cell or subcellular level. The quantification of antibody or antigen can be done on the nanogram or microgram levels.

Strong Specificity:

Elisa has a strong specificity due to careful selection of the antigen or antibody. The binding of antibody or antigen happens in the epitope of an antigen binding site of the antibody. The antigen-binding site and antibody show a good relationship both in spatial configuration and chemical structure, the reaction between antibody and antigen shows a strong specificity.

Due to these advantages, Elisa is a useful biotechnical tool with many applications, either in clinical diagnosis or scientific research of diseases or conditions.